Financials

Park24: FYE Oct 2025 and ten years of results (50 metrics)

FYE Oct 2025 · Revenue¥406bnYoY +9.5%

FYE Oct 2025 · Operating profit¥38bnYoY −2.9%

FYE Oct 2025 · Net profit¥16bnYoY −14.5%

FYE Oct 2025 · Equity ratio27.7%YoY +1.3pp

FYE Oct 2025 · Group employees5,734YoY +232

Fiscal year	Revenue	YoY	Operating profit	YoY	Margin	Net profit	Chief executive	That year
FYE Oct 2016Consolidated	¥194bn	n/a	¥21bn	n/a	11.0%	¥14bn	Nishikawa Koichi	—
FYE Oct 2017Consolidated	¥233bn	+19.8%	¥21bn	−4.4%	8.8%	¥13bn	Nishikawa Koichi	SECURE PARKING (3 countries) and NCP (UK) acquired
FYE Oct 2018Consolidated	¥299bn	+28.1%	¥23bn	+9.9%	7.6%	¥14bn	Nishikawa Koichi	—
FYE Oct 2019Consolidated	¥317bn	+6.3%	¥22bn	−1.0%	7.0%	¥12bn	Nishikawa Koichi	—
FYE Oct 2020Consolidated	¥269bn	−15.3%	-¥15bn	−165.8%	-5.5%	-¥47bn	Nishikawa Koichi	Pandemic: net loss of <span class="en-history_money" data-yen="46600000000" data-year="2020">$436.4M (¥47bn)</span>
FYE Oct 2021Consolidated	¥251bn	−6.6%	-¥8.0bn	n/a	-3.2%	-¥12bn	Nishikawa Koichi	Exits Korea; overseas goodwill under pressure
FYE Oct 2022Consolidated	¥290bn	+15.6%	¥21bn	n/a	7.1%	¥2.5bn	Nishikawa Koichi	Prime Market listing; <span class="en-history_money" data-yen="25100000000" data-year="2022">$191.1M (¥25bn)</span> raised overseas
FYE Oct 2023Consolidated	¥330bn	+13.7%	¥32bn	+54.7%	9.7%	¥18bn	Nishikawa Koichi	—
FYE Oct 2024Consolidated	¥371bn	+12.4%	¥39bn	+21.0%	10.4%	¥19bn	Nishikawa Koichi	Sales <span class="en-history_money" data-yen="370900000000" data-year="2024">$2.4B (¥371bn)</span>, above the pre-pandemic peak
FYE Oct 2025Consolidated	¥406bn	+9.5%	¥38bn	−2.9%	9.2%	¥16bn	Nishikawa Koichi	—

Income statement Revenue, costs, each level of profit and the margins they leave

Where the revenue goes

¥ bn

Cost of sales SG&A Operating profit

Margins

Gross margin Operating margin Ordinary margin Net margin

Revenue net sales, operating revenue

FYE Oct 2025 ¥406bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +8.5%

Fiscal year	Revenue ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	194	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	233	+19.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	299	+28.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	317	+6.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	269	−15.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	251	−6.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	290	+15.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	330	+13.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	371	+12.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	406	+9.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Everything the company took in from its own business
Formula: Revenue line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cost of sales

FYE Oct 2025 ¥302bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +8.8%

Fiscal year	Cost of sales ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	141	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	173	+22.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	226	+30.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	239	+5.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	233	−2.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	210	−9.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	220	+4.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	240	+9.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	269	+11.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	302	+12.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The cost of what was sold
Formula: Cost of sales line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Gross profit

FYE Oct 2025 ¥104bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +7.8%

Fiscal year	Gross profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	53.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	60.2	+13.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	72.3	+20.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	78.1	+8.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	36.3	−53.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	40.7	+12.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	70.6	+73.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	89.6	+27.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	102	+13.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	104	+2.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the product or service itself earns
Formula: Revenue − cost of sales
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

SG&A selling, general and administrative expenses

FYE Oct 2025 ¥67bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +8.7%

Fiscal year	SG&A ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	31.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	39.7	+25.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	49.7	+25.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	55.8	+12.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	51.0	−8.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	48.7	−4.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	49.9	+2.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	57.6	+15.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	63.4	+9.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	66.7	+5.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The cost of selling and of running the company
Formula: SG&A line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating profit

FYE Oct 2025 ¥38bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +6.4%

Fiscal year	Operating profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	21.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	20.5	−4.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	22.5	+9.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	22.3	−1.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-14.7	−165.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-8.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	20.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	32.0	+54.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	38.7	+21.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	37.6	−2.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the core business earns
Formula: Gross profit − SG&A
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Non-operating income

FYE Oct 2025 ¥0.9bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +10.1%

Fiscal year	Non-operating income ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	0.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	0.5	+39.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	1.5	+185.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	0.7	−56.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	3.4	+422.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	2.7	−22.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	0.9	−66.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	0.8	−6.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	1.1	+38.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	0.9	−20.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Income from outside the core business
Formula: Non-operating income line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Non-operating expenses

FYE Oct 2025 ¥4.3bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +23.0%

Fiscal year	Non-operating expenses ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	0.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	0.8	+12.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	1.5	+102.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	1.4	−7.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	3.9	+176.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	6.2	+59.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	4.6	−26.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	5.1	+12.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	4.4	−14.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	4.3	−1.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Costs arising outside the core business
Formula: Non-operating expenses line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Ordinary profit keijo rieki

FYE Oct 2025 ¥34bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +5.5%

Fiscal year	Ordinary profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	21.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	20.3	−4.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	22.5	+11.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	21.6	−4.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-15.2	−170.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-11.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	17.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	27.7	+63.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	35.4	+28.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	34.2	−3.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: A level of profit that exists only under Japanese GAAP
Formula: Operating profit + non-operating income − non-operating expenses
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Extraordinary income

FYE Oct 2025 ¥0.0bn

CAGR · 6 yrs −43.9%

Fiscal year	Extraordinary income ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	2.7	+15138.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	0.0	−99.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	3.2	+16135.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	0.0	−99.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	0.0	−75.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: One-off gains, such as an asset sale
Formula: Extraordinary income line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Net profit profit attributable to owners of the parent

FYE Oct 2025 ¥16bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +1.5%

Fiscal year	Net profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	14.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	13.4	−3.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	13.9	+3.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	12.3	−10.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-46.7	−477.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-11.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	2.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	17.5	+608.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	18.6	+6.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	15.9	−14.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What is left after tax
Formula: Pre-tax profit − income taxes
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Gross margin

FYE Oct 2025 25.7%

Average · 10 yrs 23.6%

Fiscal year	Gross margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	27.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	25.8	−1.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	24.2	−1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	24.6	+0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	13.5	−11.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	16.2	+2.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	24.3	+8.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	27.1	+2.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	27.5	+0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	25.7	−1.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue left after the cost of sales
Formula: Gross profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating margin

FYE Oct 2025 9.2%

Average · 10 yrs 6.2%

Fiscal year	Operating margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	11.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	8.8	−2.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	7.6	−1.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	7.0	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-5.5	−12.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-3.2	+2.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	7.1	+10.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	9.7	+2.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	10.4	+0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	9.2	−1.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue the core business keeps
Formula: Operating profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Ordinary margin

FYE Oct 2025 8.4%

Average · 10 yrs 5.6%

Fiscal year	Ordinary margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	10.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	8.7	−2.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	7.5	−1.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	6.8	−0.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-5.6	−12.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-4.6	+1.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	5.8	+10.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	8.4	+2.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	9.6	+1.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	8.4	−1.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue left at the ordinary-profit line
Formula: Ordinary profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Net margin

FYE Oct 2025 3.9%

Average · 10 yrs 1.5%

Fiscal year	Net margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	7.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	5.8	−1.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	4.6	−1.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	3.9	−0.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-17.3	−21.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-4.6	+12.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	0.9	+5.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	5.3	+4.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	5.0	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	3.9	−1.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue left after everything
Formula: Net profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cost-of-sales ratio

FYE Oct 2025 74.3%

Average · 10 yrs 76.4%

Fiscal year	Cost-of-sales ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	72.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	74.2	+1.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	75.8	+1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	75.4	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	86.5	+11.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	83.8	−2.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	75.7	−8.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	72.9	−2.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	72.5	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	74.3	+1.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue taken by the cost of sales
Formula: Cost of sales ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

SG&A ratio

FYE Oct 2025 16.4%

Average · 10 yrs 17.4%

Fiscal year	SG&A ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	16.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	17.0	+0.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	16.7	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	17.6	+0.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	19.0	+1.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	19.4	+0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	17.2	−2.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	17.5	+0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	17.1	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	16.4	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue taken by selling and administrative costs
Formula: SG&A ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Balance sheet Assets, debt and equity, and what they say about financial strength

What the balance sheet is made of

¥ bn

Equity Liabilities and non-controlling interests

Financial strength

Equity ratio Debt-to-equity

Total assets

FYE Oct 2025 ¥354bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +9.8%

Fiscal year	Total assets ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	153	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	260	+69.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	283	+9.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	293	+3.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	296	+0.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	320	+8.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	308	−3.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	308	+0.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	296	−4.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	354	+19.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Everything the company holds
Formula: Total assets line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Equity net assets, shareholders' equity

FYE Oct 2025 ¥98bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +3.3%

Fiscal year	Equity ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	73.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	78.4	+7.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	94.6	+20.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	90.6	−4.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	31.1	−65.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	16.4	−47.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	40.0	+143.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	58.4	+45.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	78.1	+33.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	98.2	+25.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The part of the funding that never has to be repaid
Formula: Net assets line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Interest-bearing debt

FYE Oct 2025 ¥97bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +25.9%

Fiscal year	Interest-bearing debt ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	12.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	80.1	+554.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	70.7	−11.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	80.3	+13.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	119	+48.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	128	+7.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	114	−11.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	71.4	−37.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	69.3	−2.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	97.1	+40.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings the company pays interest on
Formula: Loans + bonds + lease obligations
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Short-term borrowings

FYE Oct 2025 ¥2.4bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +25.7%

Fiscal year	Short-term borrowings ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	0.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	39.4	+13034.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	5.8	−85.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	9.6	+65.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	26.6	+176.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	16.0	−39.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	17.3	+8.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	3.2	−81.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	1.5	−53.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	2.4	+60.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings repayable within a year
Formula: Short-term borrowings line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Long-term borrowings

FYE Oct 2025 ¥95bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +25.9%

Fiscal year	Long-term borrowings ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	11.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	40.7	+241.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	64.8	+59.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	70.7	+9.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	92.8	+31.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	112	+20.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	96.4	−13.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	68.2	−29.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	67.8	−0.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	94.7	+39.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings repayable in more than a year
Formula: Long-term borrowings line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Intangible assets

FYE Oct 2025 ¥31bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +32.7%

Fiscal year	Intangible assets ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	2.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	67.2	+2647.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	63.4	−5.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	54.7	−13.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	29.8	−45.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	31.2	+4.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	34.1	+9.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	32.1	−5.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	31.1	−2.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	31.2	+0.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Assets with no physical form
Formula: Intangible assets line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Goodwill

FYE Oct 2025 ¥16bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +51.6%

Fiscal year	Goodwill ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	0.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	45.4	+11669.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	42.3	−6.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	37.4	−11.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	16.8	−55.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	17.0	+1.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	18.1	+6.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	18.1	−0.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	17.4	−4.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	16.4	−6.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What an acquisition cost above the net assets it brought
Formula: Goodwill line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Equity ratio

FYE Oct 2025 27.7%

Average · 10 yrs 24.4%

Fiscal year	Equity ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	47.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	30.2	−17.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	33.4	+3.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	30.9	−2.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	10.5	−20.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	5.1	−5.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	13.0	+7.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	19.0	+5.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	26.4	+7.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	27.7	+1.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: How much of the balance sheet is funded without debt
Formula: Equity ÷ total assets
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Debt-to-equity ratio D/E ratio

FYE Oct 2025 98.9%

Average · 10 yrs 203.8%

Fiscal year	Debt-to-equity ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	16.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	102.2	+85.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	74.7	−27.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	88.7	+13.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	383.4	+294.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	779.1	+395.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	284.0	−495.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	122.2	−161.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	88.7	−33.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	98.9	+10.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings measured against the company's own capital
Formula: Interest-bearing debt ÷ equity
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

ROE return on equity

FYE Oct 2025 16.2%

Average · 10 yrs -8.0%

Fiscal year	ROE %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	19.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	17.1	−1.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	14.6	−2.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	13.6	−1.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-149.8	−163.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-70.9	+78.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	6.2	+77.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	30.0	+23.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	23.8	−6.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	16.2	−7.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the shareholders' capital earns
Formula: Net profit ÷ equity
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

ROA return on assets

FYE Oct 2025 4.5%

Average · 10 yrs 2.1%

Fiscal year	ROA %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	9.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	5.2	−4.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	4.9	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	4.2	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-15.8	−20.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-3.6	+12.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	0.8	+4.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	5.7	+4.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	6.3	+0.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	4.5	−1.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the whole balance sheet earns
Formula: Net profit ÷ total assets
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Asset turnover

FYE Oct 2025 1.15×

CAGR · 10 yrs −1.1%

Fiscal year	Asset turnover ×	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	1.27	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	0.90	−29.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	1.05	+17.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	1.08	+2.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	0.91	−16.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	0.79	−13.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	0.94	+20.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	1.07	+13.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	1.25	+17.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	1.15	−8.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: How much revenue each yen of assets produces
Formula: Revenue ÷ total assets
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cash flow statement Cash from operations, investment and financing, and what is left on hand

The three cash flows

¥ bn

Operating CF Investing CF Financing CF

Cash against debt

¥ bn

Cash and equivalents Interest-bearing debt Net cash

Operating cash flow

FYE Oct 2025 ¥63bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +5.3%

Fiscal year	Operating cash flow ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	39.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	38.3	−3.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	53.5	+39.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	45.7	−14.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	39.4	−13.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	34.8	−11.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	29.4	−15.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	48.2	+64.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	54.2	+12.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	62.9	+16.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash the business itself generated
Formula: Cash flow from operating activities
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Investing cash flow

FYE Oct 2025 -¥46bn

Average · 10 yrs -¥35bn

Fiscal year	Investing cash flow ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	-27.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	-72.8	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	-43.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	-49.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-21.8	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-12.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	-17.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	-25.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	-37.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	-46.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash spent on, or released by, investment
Formula: Cash flow from investing activities
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Financing cash flow

FYE Oct 2025 ¥15bn

Average · 10 yrs -¥3.7bn

Fiscal year	Financing cash flow ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	-13.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	32.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	1.8	−94.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	-0.8	−144.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	12.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	13.2	+2.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	-20.1	−252.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	-35.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	-42.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	14.8	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash raised from, or returned to, lenders and shareholders
Formula: Cash flow from financing activities
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cash and equivalents

FYE Oct 2025 ¥80bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +17.0%

Fiscal year	Cash and equivalents ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	19.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	17.8	−8.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	29.8	+67.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	24.7	−17.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	55.3	+124.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	91.8	+66.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	85.1	−7.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	73.3	−13.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	48.0	−34.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	80.2	+66.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash on hand at the year end
Formula: Closing balance in the cash flow statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Free cash flow

FYE Oct 2025 ¥17bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +3.4%

Fiscal year	FCF ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	12.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	-34.5	−376.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	10.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	-3.8	−136.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	17.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	22.5	+27.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	12.0	−46.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	22.5	+87.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	16.6	−26.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	16.8	+1.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What is left once the business has paid for its own investment
Formula: Operating cash flow + investing cash flow
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating cash flow margin

FYE Oct 2025 15.5%

Average · 10 yrs 15.2%

Fiscal year	OCF margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	20.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	16.4	−3.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	17.9	+1.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	14.4	−3.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	14.7	+0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	13.9	−0.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	10.1	−3.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	14.6	+4.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	14.6	−0.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	15.5	+0.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: How much of the revenue turned into cash
Formula: Operating cash flow ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Net cash

FYE Oct 2025 -¥17bn

Average · 10 yrs -¥32bn

Fiscal year	Net cash ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	7.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	-62.3	−962.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	-40.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	-55.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	-64.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	-36.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	-28.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	1.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	-21.3	−1194.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	-16.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash on hand once the borrowings are paid off
Formula: Cash and equivalents − interest-bearing debt
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Shares and share price Shares outstanding, price, market capitalisation and the valuation multiples

Market capitalisation

FYE Oct 2025 ¥308bn

Change · 8 yrs −¥167bn

Fiscal year	Market capitalisation ¥ bn	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	475	n/a
FYE Oct 2017	385	n/a
FYE Oct 2018	459	n/a
FYE Oct 2019	397	n/a
FYE Oct 2020	n/a	n/a
FYE Oct 2021	n/a	n/a
FYE Oct 2022	339	n/a
FYE Oct 2023	289	n/a
FYE Oct 2024	327	n/a
FYE Oct 2025	308	n/a

Definition: What the market says the company is worth
Formula: Year-end share price × shares outstanding
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Share price year-end close

FYE Oct 2025 1,800¥

Change · 8 yrs −1,446¥

Fiscal year	Share price ¥	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	3,246	n/a
FYE Oct 2017	2,622	n/a
FYE Oct 2018	2,968	n/a
FYE Oct 2019	2,561	n/a
FYE Oct 2020	n/a	n/a
FYE Oct 2021	n/a	n/a
FYE Oct 2022	1,985	n/a
FYE Oct 2023	1,687	n/a
FYE Oct 2024	1,911	n/a
FYE Oct 2025	1,800	n/a

Definition: The closing price on the last day of the fiscal year
Formula: Year-end closing price
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Shares outstanding

FYE Oct 2025 171,048,369shares

Change · 10 yrs +24,614,334 shares

Fiscal year	Shares outstanding shares	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	146,434,035	Parent
FYE Oct 2017	146,722,835	Parent
FYE Oct 2018	154,623,769	Parent
FYE Oct 2019	154,974,269	Parent
FYE Oct 2020	155,016,369	Parent
FYE Oct 2021	155,048,369	Parent
FYE Oct 2022	171,048,369	Parent
FYE Oct 2023	171,048,369	Parent
FYE Oct 2024	171,048,369	Parent
FYE Oct 2025	171,048,369	Parent

Definition: How many shares exist
Formula: Shares issued, from the key figures of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

EPS earnings per share

FYE Oct 2025 93.28¥

Change · 10 yrs −2.47¥

Fiscal year	EPS ¥	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	95.75	Cons.
FYE Oct 2017	91.67	Cons.
FYE Oct 2018	91.88	Cons.
FYE Oct 2019	79.79	Cons.
FYE Oct 2020	-302.00	Cons.
FYE Oct 2021	-75.45	Cons.
FYE Oct 2022	15.22	Cons.
FYE Oct 2023	102.87	Cons.
FYE Oct 2024	109.20	Cons.
FYE Oct 2025	93.28	Cons.

Definition: Net profit for each share
Formula: Net profit ÷ average shares outstanding
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

BPS book value per share

FYE Oct 2025 574.07¥

Change · 10 yrs +73.70¥

Fiscal year	BPS ¥	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	500.36	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2017	534.42	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2018	611.63	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2019	584.43	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2020	200.92	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2021	105.98	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2022	234.10	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2023	341.52	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2024	456.85	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE Oct 2025	574.07	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Equity behind each share
Formula: Equity ÷ shares outstanding
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

PER price-to-earnings ratio

FYE Oct 2025 19.30×

Average · 8 yrs 38.81×

Fiscal year	PER ×	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	33.90	Cons.
FYE Oct 2017	28.60	Cons.
FYE Oct 2018	32.30	Cons.
FYE Oct 2019	32.10	Cons.
FYE Oct 2020	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2021	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2022	130.40	Cons.
FYE Oct 2023	16.40	Cons.
FYE Oct 2024	17.50	Cons.
FYE Oct 2025	19.30	Cons.

Definition: How many years of earnings the price stands for
Formula: Year-end price ÷ EPS
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

PBR price-to-book ratio

FYE Oct 2025 3.13×

Average · 8 yrs 5.17×

Fiscal year	PBR ×	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	6.52	Cons.
FYE Oct 2017	4.92	Cons.
FYE Oct 2018	4.87	Cons.
FYE Oct 2019	4.38	Cons.
FYE Oct 2020	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2021	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2022	8.46	Cons.
FYE Oct 2023	4.93	Cons.
FYE Oct 2024	4.17	Cons.
FYE Oct 2025	3.13	Cons.

Definition: The price measured against the book value behind it
Formula: Year-end price ÷ BPS
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Workforce and productivity Headcount, pay and what each employee accounts for

Group employees

FYE Oct 2025 5,734people

Change · 10 yrs +3,286 people

Fiscal year	Group employees people	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	2,448	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2017	4,577	+87.0%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2018	4,899	+7.0%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2019	5,490	+12.1%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2020	5,565	+1.4%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2021	5,029	−9.6%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2022	4,970	−1.2%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2023	5,234	+5.3%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2024	5,502	+5.1%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2025	5,734	+4.2%	Cons.

Definition: Everyone employed across the group
Formula: Consolidated headcount, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Parent-company employees

FYE Oct 2025 734people

Change · 10 yrs +466 people

Fiscal year	Parent-company employees people	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	268	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2017	325	+21.3%	Parent
FYE Oct 2018	384	+18.2%	Parent
FYE Oct 2019	452	+17.7%	Parent
FYE Oct 2020	520	+15.0%	Parent
FYE Oct 2021	539	+3.7%	Parent
FYE Oct 2022	553	+2.6%	Parent
FYE Oct 2023	618	+11.8%	Parent
FYE Oct 2024	699	+13.1%	Parent
FYE Oct 2025	734	+5.0%	Parent

Definition: Employees of the filing company itself
Formula: Parent-only headcount, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Average annual pay parent company

FYE Oct 2025 ¥7.4m

Change · 7 yrs +¥0.7m

Fiscal year	Average annual pay ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2017	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2018	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2019	6.7	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2020	5.8	−13.4%	Parent
FYE Oct 2021	5.2	−9.9%	Parent
FYE Oct 2022	6.1	+16.5%	Parent
FYE Oct 2023	7.2	+18.5%	Parent
FYE Oct 2024	7.3	+1.0%	Parent
FYE Oct 2025	7.4	+1.3%	Parent

Definition: Average total annual compensation, bonuses included
Formula: Average annual pay, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Average age

FYE Oct 2025 38.1years

Change · 7 yrs +1.3 years

Fiscal year	Average age years	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2017	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2018	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2019	36.8	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2020	37.0	+0.5%	Parent
FYE Oct 2021	37.4	+1.1%	Parent
FYE Oct 2022	37.6	+0.5%	Parent
FYE Oct 2023	37.7	+0.3%	Parent
FYE Oct 2024	37.5	−0.5%	Parent
FYE Oct 2025	38.1	+1.6%	Parent

Definition: Average age of the parent company's employees
Formula: Average age, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Average length of service

FYE Oct 2025 8.6years

Change · 7 yrs +2.2 years

Fiscal year	Average length of service years	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2017	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2018	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2019	6.4	n/a	Parent
FYE Oct 2020	6.8	+6.2%	Parent
FYE Oct 2021	4.9	−27.9%	Parent
FYE Oct 2022	8.3	+69.4%	Parent
FYE Oct 2023	8.3	−0.0%	Parent
FYE Oct 2024	8.1	−2.4%	Parent
FYE Oct 2025	8.6	+6.2%	Parent

Definition: How long the average employee has been with the company
Formula: Average years of service, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Temporary employees

FYE Oct 2025 4,082people

Change · 10 yrs +1,022 people

Fiscal year	Temporary employees people	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	3,060	n/a	n/a
FYE Oct 2017	4,236	+38.4%	n/a
FYE Oct 2018	5,440	+28.4%	n/a
FYE Oct 2019	5,993	+10.2%	n/a
FYE Oct 2020	5,156	−14.0%	n/a
FYE Oct 2021	3,761	−27.1%	n/a
FYE Oct 2022	4,083	+8.6%	n/a
FYE Oct 2023	4,236	+3.7%	n/a
FYE Oct 2024	4,155	−1.9%	n/a
FYE Oct 2025	4,082	−1.8%	n/a

Definition: Average number of temporary and part-time staff over the year
Formula: Average temporary headcount, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Revenue per employee

FYE Oct 2025 ¥70.8m

Change · 10 yrs −¥8.6m

Fiscal year	Revenue per employee ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	79.4	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2017	50.9	−35.9%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2018	60.9	+19.7%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2019	57.8	−5.1%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2020	48.3	−16.4%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2021	49.9	+3.3%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2022	58.4	+17.0%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2023	63.1	+8.0%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2024	67.4	+6.9%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2025	70.8	+5.1%	Cons.

Definition: What each employee accounts for in revenue
Formula: Revenue ÷ group employees
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating profit per employee

FYE Oct 2025 ¥6.6m

Change · 10 yrs −¥2.2m

Fiscal year	OP per employee ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE Oct 2016	8.8	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2017	4.5	−48.9%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2018	4.6	+2.7%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2019	4.1	−11.6%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2020	-2.6	−165.0%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2021	-1.6	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2022	4.2	n/a	Cons.
FYE Oct 2023	6.1	+46.9%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2024	7.0	+15.1%	Cons.
FYE Oct 2025	6.6	−6.9%	Cons.

Definition: What each employee accounts for in operating profit
Formula: Operating profit ÷ group employees
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Disclaimer

Figures are reproduced as filed and are not restated: a change of accounting standard or of consolidation basis moves the series without anything happening to the business. Where that happened, the table says so in place of the year-on-year figure.
Ratios and per-employee figures are computed from the filed lines rather than taken from the filing, and use year-end balances rather than averages.

Accuracy, liability, reuse and privacy — the full disclaimer →

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