Financials

Cosmos Pharmaceutical: FYE May 2026 and ten years of results (52 metrics)

FYE May 2026 · Revenue¥1.10tnYoY +8.7%

FYE May 2026 · Operating profit¥42bnYoY +4.8%

FYE May 2026 · Net profit¥32bnYoY +3.4%

FYE May 2026 · Equity ratio47.6%YoY −1.5pp

FYE May 2026 · Group employees5,984YoY +275

Fiscal year	Revenue	YoY	Operating profit	YoY	Margin	Net profit	Chief executive	That year
FYE May 2017Consolidated	¥503bn	n/a	¥22bn	n/a	4.4%	¥18bn	Uno Masaaki	Revenue passes <span class="en-history_money" data-yen="500000000000" data-year="2017">$4.5B (¥500bn)</span>
FYE May 2018Consolidated	¥558bn	+11.0%	¥23bn	+2.3%	4.1%	¥18bn	Shibata Futoshi	<strong>Hideaki Yokoyama</strong> becomes president at 37
FYE May 2019Consolidated	¥611bn	+9.5%	¥25bn	+8.9%	4.1%	¥19bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Enters the Tokyo metropolitan area (Hiroo, Shibuya)
FYE May 2020Consolidated	¥684bn	+12.0%	¥29bn	+17.4%	4.3%	¥21bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Record profit on pandemic stay-at-home demand
FYE May 2021Consolidated	¥726bn	+6.1%	¥33bn	+13.9%	4.6%	¥27bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	—
FYE May 2022Consolidated	¥755bn	+4.0%	¥30bn	−10.1%	3.9%	¥23bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Moves to the TSE Prime market
FYE May 2023Consolidated	¥828bn	+9.6%	¥30bn	+1.1%	3.6%	¥24bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Founder Masaaki Uno steps down from the board
FYE May 2024Consolidated	¥965bn	+16.6%	¥32bn	+4.6%	3.3%	¥24bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Opens a record 139 stores in a single year
FYE May 2025Consolidated	¥1.01tn	+4.8%	¥40bn	+28.3%	4.0%	¥31bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Passes <span class="en-history_money" data-yen="1011300000000" data-year="2025">$6.8B (¥1.01tn)</span> — organic growth, no M&A
FYE May 2026Consolidated	¥1.10tn	+8.7%	¥42bn	+4.8%	3.9%	¥32bn	Yokoyama Hideaki	Announces entry into the hotel business

How it compares

Tsuruha Holdings¥1.45tnFY2025Operating margin 4.3%

Welcia HoldingsDelisted 2025

Matsukiyococokara & Co.¥1.12tnFY2025Operating margin 7.6%

Cosmos Pharmaceutical¥1.10tnFY2026Operating margin 3.9%

Sugi Holdings¥1.01tnFY2025Operating margin 4.8%Sundrug¥843bnFY2025Operating margin 5.6%

AIN HOLDINGS INC.¥648bnFY2026Operating margin 4.6%

Kusuri no Aoki Holdings¥567bnFY2026Operating margin 4.8%Create SD Holdings¥497bnFY2026Operating margin 4.8%

Income statement Revenue, costs, each level of profit and the margins they leave

Where the revenue goes

¥ bn

Cost of sales SG&A Operating profit

Margins

Gross margin Operating margin Ordinary margin Net margin

Revenue net sales, operating revenue

FYE May 2026 ¥1.10tn

CAGR · 10 yrs +9.1%

Fiscal year	Revenue ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	503	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	558	+11.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	611	+9.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	684	+12.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	726	+6.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	755	+4.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	828	+9.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	965	+16.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	1,011	+4.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	1,100	+8.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Everything the company took in from its own business
Formula: Revenue line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cost of sales

FYE May 2026 ¥870bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +8.9%

Fiscal year	Cost of sales ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	403	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	448	+11.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	489	+9.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	549	+12.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	581	+5.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	604	+3.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	659	+9.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	777	+17.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	798	+2.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	870	+9.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The cost of what was sold
Formula: Cost of sales line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Gross profit

FYE May 2026 ¥230bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +9.7%

Fiscal year	Gross profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	100	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	110	+10.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	122	+10.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	135	+10.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	145	+7.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	151	+4.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	169	+11.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	188	+11.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	213	+13.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	230	+7.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the product or service itself earns
Formula: Revenue − cost of sales
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

SG&A selling, general and administrative expenses

FYE May 2026 ¥187bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +10.3%

Fiscal year	SG&A ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	77.8	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	87.6	+12.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	97.0	+10.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	106	+9.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	112	+5.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	122	+8.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	139	+13.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	157	+13.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	173	+10.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	187	+8.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The cost of selling and of running the company
Formula: SG&A line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating profit

FYE May 2026 ¥42bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +7.4%

Fiscal year	Operating profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	22.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	22.7	+2.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	24.8	+8.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	29.1	+17.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	33.1	+13.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	29.8	−10.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	30.1	+1.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	31.5	+4.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	40.4	+28.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	42.4	+4.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the core business earns
Formula: Gross profit − SG&A
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Non-operating income

FYE May 2026 ¥3.4bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +0.6%

Fiscal year	Non-operating income ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	3.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	3.3	+0.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	3.2	−0.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	3.2	−0.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	3.4	+6.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	3.7	+7.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	3.7	−0.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	3.6	−1.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	3.7	+2.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	3.4	−8.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Income from outside the core business
Formula: Non-operating income line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Non-operating expenses

FYE May 2026 ¥1.2bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +3.1%

Fiscal year	Non-operating expenses ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	0.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	0.8	−15.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	0.7	−4.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	0.8	+4.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	0.7	−2.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	0.6	−14.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	0.7	+14.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	0.8	+16.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	1.0	+17.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	1.2	+18.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Costs arising outside the core business
Formula: Non-operating expenses line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Ordinary profit keijo rieki

FYE May 2026 ¥45bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +6.8%

Fiscal year	Ordinary profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	24.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	25.3	+2.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	27.3	+8.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	31.6	+15.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	35.8	+13.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	32.9	−8.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	33.1	+0.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	34.3	+3.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	43.2	+25.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	44.6	+3.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: A level of profit that exists only under Japanese GAAP
Formula: Operating profit + non-operating income − non-operating expenses
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Extraordinary income

FYE May 2026 ¥0.2bn

CAGR · 10 yrs −20.4%

Fiscal year	Extraordinary income ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	1.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	0.1	−94.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	0.4	+306.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	0.0	−98.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	4.3	+85240.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	0.5	−88.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	0.0	−90.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	0.6	+1265.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	0.0	−97.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	0.2	+1326.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: One-off gains, such as an asset sale
Formula: Extraordinary income line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Extraordinary loss

FYE May 2026 ¥0.6bn

CAGR · 9 yrs +1.8%

Fiscal year	Extraordinary loss ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	0.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	0.2	−66.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	0.5	+193.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	1.2	+126.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	1.5	+29.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	0.3	−79.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	0.4	+14.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	0.8	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	0.6	−24.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: One-off losses, such as an impairment or a restructuring charge
Formula: Extraordinary loss line of the income statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Net profit profit attributable to owners of the parent

FYE May 2026 ¥32bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +6.5%

Fiscal year	Net profit ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	18.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	17.6	−3.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	19.2	+8.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	21.4	+11.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	27.2	+26.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	23.2	−14.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	23.8	+2.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	24.5	+2.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	31.0	+26.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	32.0	+3.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What is left after tax
Formula: Pre-tax profit − income taxes
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Gross margin

FYE May 2026 20.9%

Average · 10 yrs 20.1%

Fiscal year	Gross margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	19.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	19.8	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	19.9	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	19.7	−0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	20.0	+0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	20.0	+0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	20.4	+0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	19.5	−0.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	21.1	+1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	20.9	−0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue left after the cost of sales
Formula: Gross profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating margin

FYE May 2026 3.9%

Average · 10 yrs 4.0%

Fiscal year	Operating margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	4.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	4.1	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	4.1	−0.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	4.3	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	4.6	+0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	3.9	−0.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	3.6	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	3.3	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	4.0	+0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	3.9	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue the core business keeps
Formula: Operating profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Ordinary margin

FYE May 2026 4.1%

Average · 10 yrs 4.4%

Fiscal year	Ordinary margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	4.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	4.5	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	4.5	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	4.6	+0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	4.9	+0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	4.4	−0.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	4.0	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	3.6	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	4.3	+0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	4.1	−0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue left at the ordinary-profit line
Formula: Ordinary profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Net margin

FYE May 2026 2.9%

Average · 10 yrs 3.1%

Fiscal year	Net margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	3.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	3.2	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	3.1	−0.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	3.1	−0.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	3.7	+0.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	3.1	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	2.9	−0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	2.5	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	3.1	+0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	2.9	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue left after everything
Formula: Net profit ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cost-of-sales ratio

FYE May 2026 79.1%

Average · 10 yrs 79.9%

Fiscal year	Cost-of-sales ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	80.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	80.2	+0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	80.1	−0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	80.3	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	80.0	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	80.0	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	79.6	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	80.5	+0.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	78.9	−1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	79.1	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue taken by the cost of sales
Formula: Cost of sales ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

SG&A ratio

FYE May 2026 17.0%

Average · 10 yrs 16.1%

Fiscal year	SG&A ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	15.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	15.7	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	15.9	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	15.5	−0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	15.4	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	16.1	+0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	16.7	+0.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	16.2	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	17.1	+0.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	17.0	−0.1pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The share of revenue taken by selling and administrative costs
Formula: SG&A ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Balance sheet Assets, debt and equity, and what they say about financial strength

What the balance sheet is made of

¥ bn

Equity Liabilities and non-controlling interests

Financial strength

Equity ratio Debt-to-equity

Total assets

FYE May 2026 ¥596bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +11.4%

Fiscal year	Total assets ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	226	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	251	+11.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	274	+9.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	320	+17.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	341	+6.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	363	+6.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	421	+16.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	477	+13.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	525	+10.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	596	+13.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Everything the company holds
Formula: Total assets line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Equity net assets, shareholders' equity

FYE May 2026 ¥284bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +13.2%

Fiscal year	Equity ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	93.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	109	+17.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	126	+16.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	146	+15.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	171	+17.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	191	+11.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	211	+10.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	231	+9.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	257	+11.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	284	+10.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: The part of the funding that never has to be repaid
Formula: Net assets line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Interest-bearing debt

FYE May 2026 ¥71bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +17.8%

Fiscal year	Interest-bearing debt ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	16.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	11.7	−27.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	8.5	−27.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	7.1	−17.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	5.6	−21.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	4.4	−21.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	12.8	+190.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	28.0	+119.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	42.9	+53.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	70.7	+64.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings the company pays interest on
Formula: Loans + bonds + lease obligations
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Short-term borrowings

FYE May 2026 ¥8.8bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +7.8%

Fiscal year	Short-term borrowings ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	4.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	3.2	−28.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	1.5	−53.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	1.5	−0.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	1.5	−0.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	1.4	−6.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	2.7	+97.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	4.6	+67.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	0.0	−100.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	8.8	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings repayable within a year
Formula: Short-term borrowings line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Long-term borrowings

FYE May 2026 ¥62bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +20.3%

Fiscal year	Long-term borrowings ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	11.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	8.5	−27.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	7.1	−17.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	5.6	−21.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	4.1	−26.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	3.0	−26.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	10.0	+233.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	28.0	+179.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	42.9	+53.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	61.9	+44.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings repayable in more than a year
Formula: Long-term borrowings line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Bonds

FYE May 2026 n/a

Average · 9 yrs ¥0.0m

Fiscal year	Bonds ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Bonds outstanding
Formula: Bonds line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Intangible assets

FYE May 2026 ¥933m

CAGR · 10 yrs +17.7%

Fiscal year	Intangible assets ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	215	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	295	+37.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	287	−2.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	268	−6.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	326	+21.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	433	+32.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	547	+26.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	497	−9.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	446	−10.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	933	+109.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Assets with no physical form
Formula: Intangible assets line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Goodwill

FYE May 2026 n/a

Average · 9 yrs ¥0.0m

Fiscal year	Goodwill ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	0.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	n/a	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What an acquisition cost above the net assets it brought
Formula: Goodwill line of the balance sheet
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Equity ratio

FYE May 2026 47.6%

Average · 10 yrs 47.4%

Fiscal year	Equity ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	41.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	43.4	+2.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	46.2	+2.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	45.5	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	50.0	+4.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	52.5	+2.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	50.1	−2.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	48.6	−1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	49.1	+0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	47.6	−1.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: How much of the balance sheet is funded without debt
Formula: Equity ÷ total assets
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Debt-to-equity ratio D/E ratio

FYE May 2026 24.9%

Average · 10 yrs 10.5%

Fiscal year	Debt-to-equity ratio %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	17.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	10.8	−6.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	6.8	−4.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	4.8	−1.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	3.3	−1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	2.3	−1.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	6.0	+3.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	12.1	+6.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	16.7	+4.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	24.9	+8.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Borrowings measured against the company's own capital
Formula: Interest-bearing debt ÷ equity
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

ROE return on equity

FYE May 2026 11.3%

Average · 10 yrs 13.9%

Fiscal year	ROE %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	19.6	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	16.2	−3.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	15.2	−1.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	14.7	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	15.9	+1.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	12.2	−3.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	11.3	−0.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	10.6	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	12.0	+1.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	11.3	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the shareholders' capital earns
Formula: Net profit ÷ equity
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

ROA return on assets

FYE May 2026 5.4%

Average · 10 yrs 6.5%

Fiscal year	ROA %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	8.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	7.0	−1.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	7.0	−0.0pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	6.7	−0.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	8.0	+1.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	6.4	−1.6pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	5.7	−0.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	5.1	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	5.9	+0.8pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	5.4	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What the whole balance sheet earns
Formula: Net profit ÷ total assets
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Asset turnover

FYE May 2026 1.84×

CAGR · 10 yrs −2.1%

Fiscal year	Asset turnover ×	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	2.23	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	2.23	−0.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	2.23	+0.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	2.14	−4.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	2.13	−0.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	2.08	−2.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	1.97	−5.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	2.02	+3.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	1.93	−4.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	1.84	−4.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: How much revenue each yen of assets produces
Formula: Revenue ÷ total assets
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cash flow statement Cash from operations, investment and financing, and what is left on hand

The three cash flows

¥ bn

Operating CF Investing CF Financing CF

Cash against debt

¥ bn

Cash and equivalents Interest-bearing debt Net cash

Operating cash flow

FYE May 2026 ¥59bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +5.3%

Fiscal year	Operating cash flow ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	36.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	32.6	−11.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	34.4	+5.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	65.5	+90.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	27.9	−57.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	32.2	+15.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	54.4	+69.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	55.2	+1.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	52.5	−4.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	58.8	+12.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash the business itself generated
Formula: Cash flow from operating activities
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Investing cash flow

FYE May 2026 -¥82bn

Average · 10 yrs -¥42bn

Fiscal year	Investing cash flow ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	-28.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	-30.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	-30.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	-27.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	-19.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	-43.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	-49.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	-57.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	-55.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	-81.9	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash spent on, or released by, investment
Formula: Cash flow from investing activities
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Financing cash flow

FYE May 2026 ¥19bn

Average · 10 yrs -¥0.2bn

Fiscal year	Financing cash flow ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	-8.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	-8.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	-7.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	-5.4	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	-5.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	-6.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	3.2	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	8.5	+162.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	7.7	−9.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	19.3	+150.3%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash raised from, or returned to, lenders and shareholders
Formula: Cash flow from financing activities
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Cash and equivalents

FYE May 2026 ¥53bn

CAGR · 10 yrs +7.5%

Fiscal year	Cash and equivalents ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	27.7	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	21.7	−21.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	19.0	−12.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	52.1	+174.0%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	55.1	+5.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	37.4	−32.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	45.9	+22.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	52.3	+13.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	57.0	+9.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	53.2	−6.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash on hand at the year end
Formula: Closing balance in the cash flow statement
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Free cash flow

FYE May 2026 -¥23bn

Average · 10 yrs ¥2.8bn

Fiscal year	FCF ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	8.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	2.1	−75.1%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	4.3	+103.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	38.5	+787.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	8.5	−77.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	-11.5	−235.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	5.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	-2.2	−140.5%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	-3.0	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	-23.1	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: What is left once the business has paid for its own investment
Formula: Operating cash flow + investing cash flow
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating cash flow margin

FYE May 2026 5.3%

Average · 10 yrs 5.9%

Fiscal year	OCF margin %	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	7.3	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	5.8	−1.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	5.6	−0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	9.6	+3.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	3.8	−5.7pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	4.3	+0.4pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	6.6	+2.3pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	5.7	−0.9pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	5.2	−0.5pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	5.3	+0.2pp	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: How much of the revenue turned into cash
Formula: Operating cash flow ÷ revenue
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Net cash

FYE May 2026 -¥17bn

Average · 10 yrs ¥21bn

Fiscal year	Net cash ¥ bn	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	11.5	n/a	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	9.9	−13.7%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	10.5	+5.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	45.1	+330.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	49.5	+9.9%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	33.0	−33.4%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	33.2	+0.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	24.3	−26.6%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	14.2	−41.8%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	-17.4	−223.2%	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Cash on hand once the borrowings are paid off
Formula: Cash and equivalents − interest-bearing debt
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Shares and share price Shares outstanding, price, market capitalisation and the valuation multiples

Market capitalisation

FYE May 2026 ¥482bn

Change · 10 yrs +¥15bn

Fiscal year	Market capitalisation ¥ bn	Basis
FYE May 2017	467	n/a
FYE May 2018	468	n/a
FYE May 2019	343	n/a
FYE May 2020	619	n/a
FYE May 2021	609	n/a
FYE May 2022	489	n/a
FYE May 2023	531	n/a
FYE May 2024	509	n/a
FYE May 2025	707	n/a
FYE May 2026	482	n/a

Definition: What the market says the company is worth
Formula: Year-end share price × shares outstanding
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Share price year-end close

FYE May 2026 6,025¥

Change · 10 yrs −17,343¥

Fiscal year	Share price ¥	Basis
FYE May 2017	23,368	n/a
FYE May 2018	23,423	n/a
FYE May 2019	17,151	n/a
FYE May 2020	30,962	n/a
FYE May 2021	15,225	n/a
FYE May 2022	12,221	n/a
FYE May 2023	13,281	n/a
FYE May 2024	12,715	n/a
FYE May 2025	8,833	n/a
FYE May 2026	6,025	n/a

Definition: The closing price on the last day of the fiscal year
Formula: Year-end closing price
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Shares outstanding

FYE May 2026 80,001,600shares

Change · 10 yrs +60,001,200 shares

Fiscal year	Shares outstanding shares	Basis
FYE May 2017	20,000,400	Parent
FYE May 2018	20,000,400	Parent
FYE May 2019	20,000,400	Parent
FYE May 2020	20,000,400	Parent
FYE May 2021	40,000,800	Parent
FYE May 2022	40,000,800	Parent
FYE May 2023	40,000,800	Parent
FYE May 2024	40,000,800	Parent
FYE May 2025	80,001,600	Parent
FYE May 2026	80,001,600	Parent

Definition: How many shares exist
Formula: Shares issued, from the key figures of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

EPS earnings per share

FYE May 2026 404.33¥

Change · 10 yrs −515.66¥

Fiscal year	EPS ¥	Basis
FYE May 2017	919.99	Cons.
FYE May 2018	890.59	Cons.
FYE May 2019	484.48	Cons.
FYE May 2020	541.30	Cons.
FYE May 2021	685.80	Cons.
FYE May 2022	584.76	Cons.
FYE May 2023	600.96	Cons.
FYE May 2024	308.61	Cons.
FYE May 2025	390.86	Cons.
FYE May 2026	404.33	Cons.

Definition: Net profit for each share
Formula: Net profit ÷ average shares outstanding
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

BPS book value per share

FYE May 2026 3,546.18¥

Change · 10 yrs −1,106.38¥

Fiscal year	BPS ¥	Basis
FYE May 2017	4,652.56	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2018	5,444.29	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2019	6,314.32	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2020	7,283.60	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2021	4,264.36	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2022	4,762.58	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2023	5,276.69	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2024	5,785.93	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2025	3,218.22	Cons. · Japanese GAAP
FYE May 2026	3,546.18	Cons. · Japanese GAAP

Definition: Equity behind each share
Formula: Equity ÷ shares outstanding
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

PER price-to-earnings ratio

FYE May 2026 14.90×

Average · 10 yrs 22.13×

Fiscal year	PER ×	Basis
FYE May 2017	25.40	Cons.
FYE May 2018	26.30	Cons.
FYE May 2019	17.70	Cons.
FYE May 2020	28.60	Cons.
FYE May 2021	22.20	Cons.
FYE May 2022	20.90	Cons.
FYE May 2023	22.10	Cons.
FYE May 2024	20.60	Cons.
FYE May 2025	22.60	Cons.
FYE May 2026	14.90	Cons.

Definition: How many years of earnings the price stands for
Formula: Year-end price ÷ EPS
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

PBR price-to-book ratio

FYE May 2026 1.68×

Average · 10 yrs 3.13×

Fiscal year	PBR ×	Basis
FYE May 2017	4.97	Cons.
FYE May 2018	4.26	Cons.
FYE May 2019	2.69	Cons.
FYE May 2020	4.21	Cons.
FYE May 2021	3.53	Cons.
FYE May 2022	2.54	Cons.
FYE May 2023	2.49	Cons.
FYE May 2024	2.18	Cons.
FYE May 2025	2.72	Cons.
FYE May 2026	1.68	Cons.

Definition: The price measured against the book value behind it
Formula: Year-end price ÷ BPS
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Workforce and productivity Headcount, pay and what each employee accounts for

Group employees

FYE May 2026 5,984people

Change · 10 yrs +2,451 people

Fiscal year	Group employees people	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	3,533	n/a	Cons.
FYE May 2018	3,849	+8.9%	Cons.
FYE May 2019	4,240	+10.2%	Cons.
FYE May 2020	4,386	+3.4%	Cons.
FYE May 2021	4,872	+11.1%	Cons.
FYE May 2022	5,101	+4.7%	Cons.
FYE May 2023	5,290	+3.7%	Cons.
FYE May 2024	5,512	+4.2%	Cons.
FYE May 2025	5,709	+3.6%	Cons.
FYE May 2026	5,984	+4.8%	Cons.

Definition: Everyone employed across the group
Formula: Consolidated headcount, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Parent-company employees

FYE May 2026 5,977people

Change · 10 yrs +2,451 people

Fiscal year	Parent-company employees people	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	3,526	n/a	Parent
FYE May 2018	3,841	+8.9%	Parent
FYE May 2019	4,232	+10.2%	Parent
FYE May 2020	4,378	+3.4%	Parent
FYE May 2021	4,864	+11.1%	Parent
FYE May 2022	5,093	+4.7%	Parent
FYE May 2023	5,282	+3.7%	Parent
FYE May 2024	5,504	+4.2%	Parent
FYE May 2025	5,702	+3.6%	Parent
FYE May 2026	5,977	+4.8%	Parent

Definition: Employees of the filing company itself
Formula: Parent-only headcount, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Average annual pay parent company

FYE May 2026 ¥5.1m

Change · 10 yrs +¥0.8m

Fiscal year	Average annual pay ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	4.3	n/a	Parent
FYE May 2018	4.2	−2.0%	Parent
FYE May 2019	4.1	−1.3%	Parent
FYE May 2020	4.1	−0.2%	Parent
FYE May 2021	4.2	+0.7%	Parent
FYE May 2022	4.2	+1.2%	Parent
FYE May 2023	4.4	+3.9%	Parent
FYE May 2024	4.6	+5.6%	Parent
FYE May 2025	4.9	+5.8%	Parent
FYE May 2026	5.1	+4.4%	Parent

Definition: Average total annual compensation, bonuses included
Formula: Average annual pay, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Average age

FYE May 2026 32.1years

Change · 8 yrs +2.8 years

Fiscal year	Average age years	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE May 2018	n/a	n/a	Parent
FYE May 2019	29.3	n/a	Parent
FYE May 2020	30.1	+2.6%	Parent
FYE May 2021	29.9	−0.4%	Parent
FYE May 2022	30.4	+1.4%	Parent
FYE May 2023	30.7	+1.2%	Parent
FYE May 2024	31.1	+1.3%	Parent
FYE May 2025	31.7	+1.9%	Parent
FYE May 2026	32.1	+1.3%	Parent

Definition: Average age of the parent company's employees
Formula: Average age, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Average length of service

FYE May 2026 7.4years

Change · 10 yrs +2.7 years

Fiscal year	Average length of service years	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	4.7	n/a	Parent
FYE May 2018	4.9	+4.3%	Parent
FYE May 2019	5.1	+4.1%	Parent
FYE May 2020	5.7	+11.8%	Parent
FYE May 2021	5.7	+0.7%	Parent
FYE May 2022	6.1	+6.8%	Parent
FYE May 2023	6.5	+6.0%	Parent
FYE May 2024	6.8	+4.6%	Parent
FYE May 2025	7.1	+4.4%	Parent
FYE May 2026	7.4	+4.2%	Parent

Definition: How long the average employee has been with the company
Formula: Average years of service, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Temporary employees

FYE May 2026 24,478people

Change · 10 yrs +13,568 people

Fiscal year	Temporary employees people	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	10,910	n/a	n/a
FYE May 2018	12,199	+11.8%	n/a
FYE May 2019	13,441	+10.2%	n/a
FYE May 2020	14,678	+9.2%	n/a
FYE May 2021	16,167	+10.1%	n/a
FYE May 2022	17,199	+6.4%	n/a
FYE May 2023	18,898	+9.9%	n/a
FYE May 2024	21,756	+15.1%	n/a
FYE May 2025	23,080	+6.1%	n/a
FYE May 2026	24,478	+6.1%	n/a

Definition: Average number of temporary and part-time staff over the year
Formula: Average temporary headcount, from the employee section of the filing
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Revenue per employee

FYE May 2026 ¥184m

Change · 10 yrs +¥41.5m

Fiscal year	Revenue per employee ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	142	n/a	Cons.
FYE May 2018	145	+1.9%	Cons.
FYE May 2019	144	−0.6%	Cons.
FYE May 2020	156	+8.3%	Cons.
FYE May 2021	149	−4.4%	Cons.
FYE May 2022	148	−0.7%	Cons.
FYE May 2023	156	+5.7%	Cons.
FYE May 2024	175	+11.9%	Cons.
FYE May 2025	177	+1.2%	Cons.
FYE May 2026	184	+3.7%	Cons.

Definition: What each employee accounts for in revenue
Formula: Revenue ÷ group employees
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Operating profit per employee

FYE May 2026 ¥7.1m

Change · 10 yrs +¥0.8m

Fiscal year	OP per employee ¥ m	YoY	Basis
FYE May 2017	6.3	n/a	Cons.
FYE May 2018	5.9	−6.1%	Cons.
FYE May 2019	5.8	−1.1%	Cons.
FYE May 2020	6.6	+13.5%	Cons.
FYE May 2021	6.8	+2.6%	Cons.
FYE May 2022	5.8	−14.1%	Cons.
FYE May 2023	5.7	−2.5%	Cons.
FYE May 2024	5.7	+0.3%	Cons.
FYE May 2025	7.1	+23.8%	Cons.
FYE May 2026	7.1	−0.0%	Cons.

Definition: What each employee accounts for in operating profit
Formula: Operating profit ÷ group employees
Source: Securities report (XBRL)

Disclaimer

Figures are reproduced as filed and are not restated: a change of accounting standard or of consolidation basis moves the series without anything happening to the business. Where that happened, the table says so in place of the year-on-year figure.
Ratios and per-employee figures are computed from the filed lines rather than taken from the filing, and use year-end balances rather than averages.

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