{
  "timeline": [
    {
      "date": "1830",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "そごう（大和屋）を開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "百貨店ではなく古着屋から始まった制度内適応としての創業",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1877",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "十合呉服店に名称変更",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "古着商から呉服商への転換が示す業態再設計の構造的起点",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1919",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "百貨店に業態転換",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "個人経営からの法人化が百貨店への構造転換を可能にした制度基盤",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1933",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "神戸店を出店",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1935",
      "category": "会社設立",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "創業家が退陣",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "拡張投資の資金逼迫が招いた創業家退場と外部資本主導への転換",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1946/5",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "心斎橋本店の一時接収",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1952/7",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "心斎橋本店の再開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1957",
      "category": "海外進出",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "東京店を開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "賃貸方式での東京進出が固定費圧迫と経営更迭を招いた構造",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1958/2",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "東京店が赤字体質へ",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1962",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "水島廣雄氏が社長就任",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "紛争調停役として着任した水島が30年の長期政権を築いた逆説",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1967",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "千葉そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "共同出資と借入を組み合わせた自己資本温存型出店モデルの確立",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1967",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "いよてつそごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1973",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "柏そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1974",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "広島そごうを開業",
      "detail": "広島市の紙屋町交差点角地に開業。当初は広島随一の繁華街であった八丁堀から1km離れた立地であり苦戦が予想されたが、バスターミナル「広島バスセンター」を併設することで立地条件の不利を克服し、広島随一の百貨店に成長する。紙屋町はそごうの開業によって街が発展し、周辺は「そごうタウン」と呼ばれた。",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1981",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "船橋そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1983",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "八王子そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1981",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "第五次5カ年計画を策定",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "売上1兆円の数値目標を掲げつつ財務管理を明示しなかった中期計画",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1987",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "大宮そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1987",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "横浜そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "日本最大級の売場面積で横浜に進出した規模競争の到達点と限界",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1988",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "豊田そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1989",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "多摩そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1990",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "西神そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1992",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "福山そごうを開業",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1992",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "百貨店業界で売上高No.1へ",
      "detail": "バブル期の「横浜そごう」の開業をはじめとする大量出店によって、1992年時点でそごうは国内外で35店舗を展開する日本最大の百貨店へと変貌した。そごうのグループ売上高は1.4兆円（1991年度・連結ベース）を記録し、百貨店業界では日本一となった。",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1995/2",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "水島社長が引責退任",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "30年の長期政権を終えた水島退任が成長から再建への転換を象徴",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2000",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "東京店を閉鎖",
      "detail": "業績の悪化に伴い、東京進出のシンボルであった東京店（有楽町駅前）を閉鎖。そごうが入居したビル「読売会館」にはビックカメラが入居し、百貨店から専門店への時代の流れを象徴した。",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2000/3",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "債権放棄要請",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "国内流通業で前例のない6,390億円の債権放棄要請の構造",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2000/7",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "民事再生法を適用申請",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "負債1.8兆円で国内小売業最大の破綻に至った拡張モデルの終焉",
      "source": ""
    }
  ]
}