{
  "timeline": [
    {
      "date": "1944/10",
      "category": "会社設立",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "村田昭が京都市で村田製作所を創業",
      "detail": "個人経営でセラミックコンデンサの製造を開始",
      "significance": "戦時下の京都で電子部品専業メーカーが誕生。戦後の電子産業勃興の基盤",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1950/12",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "株式会社村田製作所に改組",
      "detail": "個人経営から法人化",
      "significance": "個人商店からの脱皮と本格的な企業経営への転換",
      "source": "有価証券報告書",
      "amount": "資本金1百万円"
    },
    {
      "date": "1961/2",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "本社を京都府長岡京市に移転",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1962/9",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "㈱福井村田製作所に資本参加",
      "detail": "地域分業型の生産体制の端緒",
      "significance": "現在100%所有の中核生産子会社",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1963/3",
      "category": "株式上場",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "大阪証券取引所市場第二部に上場",
      "detail": "1970年2月に市場第一部へ指定替え",
      "significance": "公開会社として資本市場から成長資金を調達する体制に移行",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1965/5",
      "category": "",
      "region": "米州",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "米国販売会社を設立",
      "detail": "現Murata Electronics North America, Inc.",
      "significance": "戦後初の海外拠点。米国電機産業への部品供給体制を構築",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1969/12",
      "category": "株式上場",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "東京証券取引所市場第二部に上場",
      "detail": "1970年2月に市場第一部へ指定替え",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1972/12",
      "category": "",
      "region": "東南アジア",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "シンガポールに生産・販売会社を設立",
      "detail": "Murata Electronics Singapore (Pte.) Ltd.",
      "significance": "アジア初の生産拠点",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1978/4",
      "category": "",
      "region": "欧州",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "欧州初の販売会社をドイツに設立",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1978/11",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "中国",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "台湾の生産・販売会社を買収",
      "detail": "現Taiwan Murata Electronics Co., Ltd.",
      "significance": "初の本格的な海外M&A。台湾電子産業との連携",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1980/9",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "米州",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "カナダのErie Technological Products, Ltd.を買収",
      "detail": "多国籍企業でセラミック部品を手掛ける。現在の米国・欧州子会社の一部",
      "significance": "グローバル展開を決定づける大型買収。北米・欧州の事業基盤を一気に獲得",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1987/7",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "野洲事業所を開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1988/9",
      "category": "",
      "region": "東南アジア",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "タイに生産会社を設立",
      "detail": "Murata Electronics (Thailand), Ltd.",
      "significance": "東南アジア生産体制の拡充",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1988/11",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "横浜事業所を開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1993/5",
      "category": "",
      "region": "東南アジア",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "マレーシアに生産・販売会社を設立",
      "detail": "Murata Electronics (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1994/12",
      "category": "",
      "region": "中国",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中国に初の生産会社を設立",
      "detail": "Wuxi Murata Electronics Co., Ltd.",
      "significance": "中国本土への製造拠点展開の嚆矢。後のMLCC供給体制の基盤",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2005/6",
      "category": "",
      "region": "中国",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "中国・深圳に生産会社を設立",
      "detail": "Shenzhen Murata Technology Co., Ltd.",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2006/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "村田恒夫が代表取締役社長に就任",
      "detail": "村田泰隆の後を継ぐ創業家3代目",
      "significance": "創業家による経営継承",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2007/8",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "米Murata Power Solutions(旧C&D Technologies電源事業)を買収",
      "detail": "開発・生産・販売会社。ハイパワー電源技術を獲得",
      "significance": "電源モジュール事業への本格参入。後のサーバー向け電源事業の技術基盤",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2009/3",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "リーマンショックで初の大幅な営業赤字に転落",
      "detail": "USGAAP連結ベースで営業損失を計上",
      "significance": "MLCC主軸の業績が世界金融危機の需要蒸発で直撃。単年度で大幅赤字に陥った",
      "source": "有価証券報告書",
      "amount": "営業損失▲163億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2012/1",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "欧州",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "フィンランドのVTI Technologies(現Murata Electronics Oy)を買収",
      "detail": "MEMS慣性力センサの開発・生産会社",
      "significance": "ADASレベル3以降を睨んだ戦略買収。後の減損の伏線となる投資",
      "source": "有価証券報告書",
      "amount": "買収金額約200億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2012/3",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "ルネサスエレクトロニクスのパワーアンプ事業を譲受",
      "detail": "高周波事業の拡充",
      "significance": "高周波モジュール事業の強化。後に主力事業の一つに成長",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2014/12",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "米pSemi Corporation(旧Peregrine Semiconductor)を買収",
      "detail": "RF-SOI技術を持つ開発・生産・販売会社",
      "significance": "高周波・RFフロントエンドモジュール事業の技術基盤を強化",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2016/10",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "仏Murata Integrated Passive Solutions SASを買収",
      "detail": "開発・生産・販売会社",
      "significance": "集積パッシブデバイス分野の強化",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2017/9",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "ソニーグループの電池事業を譲受",
      "detail": "リチウムイオン二次電池事業への参入",
      "significance": "電池事業への本格参入。後に構造改革で苦しむ長期課題となる",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2019/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中島規巨が代表取締役社長に就任",
      "detail": "村田恒夫は代表取締役会長兼社長を経て会長に退任",
      "significance": "創業家から非創業家への経営トップの移行",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2020/12",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "みなとみらいイノベーションセンターを開設",
      "detail": "横浜市西区",
      "significance": "研究開発拠点の集約",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2022/3",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "米Resonant社を買収",
      "detail": "XBAR技術による高周波フィルタ開発会社。Wi-Fi7/FR3対応",
      "significance": "XBAR技術獲得による次世代フィルタ戦略の要石。後に全額減損となる",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "買収金額350億円(円換算438億円)"
    },
    {
      "date": "2022/4",
      "category": "株式上場",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "東証プライム市場に移行",
      "detail": "東京証券取引所の市場区分見直しに伴う",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2024/3",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中期経営計画MTD2024が終了、経済価値目標は未達",
      "detail": "MTD2027として2兆円・営業利益率18%・ROIC12%を継承",
      "significance": "MLCC以外の第二層ビジネス(高周波・電池)の失速が未達の主因",
      "source": "IR"
    },
    {
      "date": "2025/3",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "MEMS慣性力センサ事業の設備減損104億円を計上",
      "detail": "VTI Technologies(2012年買収)事業。ADASレベル3の普及遅延が原因",
      "significance": "2012年の成長投資の前提崩壊を公式に認める",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "減損104億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2025/3",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "電池事業の構造改革費用を通期145億円計上",
      "detail": "リチウムイオン二次電池事業のリストラ継続",
      "significance": "2017年譲受の電池事業の収益化に苦戦",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "構造改革費用145億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2025/3",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "自己株式取得枠を過去最大の1,000億円に拡大",
      "detail": "買収活用も視野に入れた方針転換",
      "significance": "キャピタル・アロケーション方針の柔軟化",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "自己株式取得1,000億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2025/10",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "米州",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "米国政府とデータセンター供給でフレームワーク協定を締結",
      "detail": "トランプ大統領来日時に署名。AIサーバー部品のサプライチェーン強靭化を約束",
      "significance": "日本電子部品メーカーが米政府と直接協定を結ぶ異例の対応。AI覇権における日米連携の象徴",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "最大150億ドル規模"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026/2",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 5,
      "event": "Resonant社買収のれん全額438億円を減損",
      "detail": "表面波フィルタ事業の中華圏競合台頭とFR3本格量産遅延(2030年以降)が要因",
      "significance": "2022年買収から約3年での全額のれん減損。XBAR戦略の前提が崩壊",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "減損438億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026/3",
      "category": "事業売却",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "マイクロ一次電池事業をマクセルに譲渡",
      "detail": "電池事業ポートフォリオの選択と集中",
      "significance": "非中核事業の切り出しによるリソース集中",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "譲渡益約50億円"
    }
  ]
}