{ "spec_version": "4", "endpoint": "history", "stock_code": "5713", "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "content_lang": "ja", "meta_lang": "en", "canonical_url": "https://the-shashi.com/tse/5713/decisions/", "api_url": "/api/5713/history.json", "updated": "2026-09-11", "license": "© 2026 Yutaka Sugiura. All rights reserved.", "attribution": "The社史 (the-shashi.com) — https://the-shashi.com/tse/5713/decisions/", "source": { "chapters": { "html_url": "https://the-shashi.com/tse/5713/", "primary": [ "社史", "有価証券報告書", "新聞・雑誌記事" ], "extraction": "一次資料を読み合わせて執筆" }, "long_term": { "primary": [ "有価証券報告書", "会社年鑑（1986年版）", "会社年鑑", "会社年鑑 1976年版（上下期合算）", "会社年鑑（1967年版）半期合算", "会社年鑑（1971年版）半期合算", "上場会社総覧（1956年版）半期合算", "上場会社総覧（1959年版）半期合算", "上場会社総覧（1961年版）半期合算", "会社年鑑（1963年版）半期合算", "上場会社総覧（1956年版・1959年版）半期合算" ], "extraction": "EDINET の XBRL、kabupro 掲載の旧有価証券報告書、会社年鑑・社史等からの転記", "row_field": "reference", "caveat": "創業期から現在までを 1 本に繋いだ長期系列のため、年代により出所・単位・連結範囲が変わる。行ごとの reference / unit / consolidation を必ず参照すること" }, "decisions": { "html_url": "https://the-shashi.com/tse/5713/decisions/", "primary": [ "企業の公表資料", "新聞・雑誌記事" ], "extraction": "本文は API に載せない。行ごとの html_url のページを参照すること" } }, "title": "住友金属鉱山の歴史概略", "summary": { "title": "サマリー", "text": "", "description": "住友金属鉱山の歴史。1927年、住友家直営の別子銅山と四阪島製錬所を分離して住友別子鉱山を設立。別子閉山、菱刈金山の発見、モレンシー銅山とシエラゴルダの権益、電池材料までの沿革と経緯を執筆。" }, "eras": [ { "title": "住友の原点事業と近代化、戦後分離までの道程", "start_year": 1691, "end_year": 1972 }, { "title": "菱刈開山と海外資源開発の加速、シエラゴルダ教訓の苦渋", "start_year": 1973, "end_year": 2021 }, { "title": "資源と材料の並行経営と資源投資の加速", "start_year": 2022, "end_year": 2024 } ], "overview": [ { "label": "創業", "text": "1691年、住友家が愛媛で別子銅山の採掘を始めた。十六世紀末に京都で銅製錬を手がけた家業が鉱山経営へ広がったもので、別子の銅は住友化学・住友電工・住友林業・住友銀行など住友系各社の元手となった。1876年には湿式収銅法による沈澱銅の生産に入り、鉱山専用鉄道・水力発電設備・銅電解工場・浮遊選鉱場を相次いで建てる。経営の形は1921年に住友合資会社へ移り、1927年7月には住友本社が236年続いた直営を[住友別子鉱山として法人化](/tse/5713/decisions/besshi-incorporation-1927/)した。1937年に住友炭鉱と合併して住友鉱業、財閥解体で1946年に井華鉱業、1950年に金属部門を分けて別子鉱業となり、1952年に住友金属鉱山へ改称している。" }, { "label": "決断", "text": "掘る・製錬する・材料にするの三つを、どれも他社へ渡していない。1956年に日向製錬所でニッケル製錬を始め、1967年には青梅工場を新設して電子金属へ入り、1970年に新居浜ニッケル新工場、1971年に東予製錬所を建てた。1973年3月に祖業の別子銅山を282年で閉山したあとも掘る側から退かず、1969年に1,000万円で取得した鹿児島の菱刈が1985年7月に出鉱し、年約6トンの金を産出する国内唯一の商業金山になる。1986年に米モレンシー、1988年にPTインコの権益を取得し、2011年には[チリのシエラゴルダを取得して10年で全持分を譲渡した](/tse/5713/decisions/sierra-gorda-exit-2011/)。減損を出したのちも権益の取得は止めず、2023年10月にケブラダブランカが開山し、2024年8月にはカナダのコテ金鉱山が商業生産に入った。" }, { "label": "現況", "text": "稼いでいるのは製錬所ではなく、持分を持つ海外の鉱山である。2026年3月期の売上高は1兆7,416億円、営業利益は2,557億円。製錬が売上1兆3,501億円・利益916億円、資源が3,026億円・1,678億円、材料が2,845億円・153億円で、利益の6割を資源が生んだ。資源の中身はペルーのセロベルデ、チリのケブラダブランカ、カナダのコテといった海外鉱山の持分であり、いずれも住友金属鉱山が運営を握らない少数持分である。前期は製錬と材料で1,126億円の減損を計上して税引前利益が314億円まで減少したが、翌期は資源だけで1,678億円を取り戻した。" }, { "label": "競合", "text": "損益は加工賃ではなく、銅と金の相場で決まる。三井金属は神岡を縮小して[電子材料へ主力を移し](/tse/5706/decisions/mining-to-electronics-2001/)、2021年2月にはチリのカセロネスの権益も譲渡した。DOWAは[製錬所へ入れる原料を鉱石からリサイクルへ切り替えた](/tse/5714/decisions/holding-company-urban-mine-2006/)。原料の入り口を外へ移した2社は、地金の価格そのものより製錬の手数料と回収量で採算が決まる。住友金属鉱山だけが権益を取得し続け、セロベルデ21%、ケブラダブランカ33.3%と少数持分で参加する。持分である以上、着工の時機は運営会社が決め、2011年に取得したシエラゴルダは2015年の操業開始が銅価格の急落と重なって、2016年に689億円の持分法投資損失を計上した。相場が上がる年に厚く稼ぐ代わりに、下がる年は製錬と材料が支えきれない。" } ], "profile": [ { "key": "founding_business", "label": "祖業", "value": "別子銅山の銅採掘と製錬" }, { "key": "current_issue", "label": "現在の注力課題", "value": "海外の銅・金権益の拡大と車載正極材の増産", "tags": [ "海外展開", "増産投資" ] } ], "auditVersion": 3, "foundingStory": true, "chapters": [ { "start_year": 1691, "end_year": 1972, "main_title": "住友の原点事業と近代化、戦後分離までの道程", "subsections": [ { "title": "別子採掘が住友財閥の資本循環を生む源泉", "text": "住友家の鉱業は十六世紀の終りに京都で銅製錬業を始めたことに源を持ち、銀と銅を吹き分ける\"南蛮吹き\"の技術を早くから習得して日本の鉱業界に特異な地位を占めた。鉱山の開発と経営に経験を重ねた住友家は元禄三年（1690年）に別子銅山を発見し、ただちに幕府の許可を得て別子開坑に着手、1691年に愛媛県で採掘を正式に開始した。以後およそ200年以上にわたって住友家の中核事業となり、別子銅山は幕府や諸大名を相手とする金融業と並んで住友家の事業の中心となった。別子銅山から得られる銅は、鉱山機械を担う住友機械工業、化学肥料の住友化学、銅加工の住友電工、植林を担う住友林業、金融の住友銀行など多岐にわたる住友系事業群の資本供給源として重要な役割を果たし、住友財閥という複合企業体の形成と維持を基礎から支えた。江戸期から続く鉱山経営のノウハウは、住友家の経営哲学の原点として受け継がれた。\n\n別子銅山は維新の際に土佐藩によって一時接収される危機に見舞われたが、これを切り抜けて明治を迎えた。旧式技術による操業のため高品位鉱は次第に少なくなり生産量が伸び悩むなか、広瀬宰平氏以下当時の経営者は積極的に西洋新技術を採用して別子銅山の更新を図った。1873年にはフランス人技師コワニー氏が別子銅山を視察し、続いてルイ・ラロック氏が\"別子銅山目論見書\"をつくりあげ、1876年には湿式収銅法による沈澱銅を生産するに至った。さらに火薬やさく岩機、鉱山専用鉄道や複式空架索道、大斜坑、水力発電設備や銅電解工場、浮遊選鉱場の建設が相次ぎ、生産量は飛躍的に増加して今日の大をなす基礎が築かれた。明治政府の殖産興業政策と歩調を合わせて鉱山の機械化と規模拡大が進み、住友家の財閥形成の経済的な基盤を強化した。明治末から大正期にかけての別子銅山は、日本最大級の銅産出量を記録する生産拠点として業界内で存在感を示した。\n\n経営の形態も整えられ、当初は\"住友総本店\"と称する個人企業であったものが1921年に設立された住友合資会社の手に移り、1927年7月には住友本社が236年にわたる長年の直営体制を、住友別子鉱山株式会社を正式に設立することで鉱山事業の法人経営化を実現する。住友家の事業の中で最も長い歴史を持つ原点事業の法人化であった。別子の操業で長く最大の難問であった煙害は、1905年の製錬所の四阪島移転でも解決とならず、支出した賠償金は1939年までに1968年時点の価格に見積もって50億円を上回る巨額に達したが、同年に排煙中の亜硫酸ガスを皆無とする中和工場を完成させて抜本的な解決をみた。1937年には住友炭鉱と合併して住友鉱業へと改組され、戦後の財閥解体の過程では1946年に井華鉱業へ改称したうえで、翌1947年の住友本社解体に際して鴻之舞金山を中心とする一連の金属鉱山と国富製錬所を一括買収し、1950年には金属部門を分離する形で別子鉱業が正式に発足して、非鉄金属の独立企業としての歩みを開始した。さらに1952年には別子鉱業から住友金属鉱山へ改称し、住友グループ系列の非鉄金属企業としての位置づけを社名でも明確にした。", "references": [ { "title": "企業の歴史 : 明治百年（経済春秋社, 1968）", "year": null, "month": null, "date": null, "url": null, "quotes": [] }, { "title": "住友金属鉱山 有価証券報告書 第100期（2025年3月期）【沿革】", "year": null, "month": null, "date": null, "url": null, "quotes": [] } ], "charts": [ { "path": "5713-lineage-founding.v2.json", "chart_type": "lineage", "paragraph": 3, "caption": "1691年に住友家が直営で開始した別子銅山が、1927年7月の住友別子鉱山設立で236年ぶりに法人化され、1937年の住友炭鉱との合併で住友鉱業、1946年の改称で井華鉱業、1950年の金属部門分離で別子鉱業、1952年に住友金属鉱山へと社名が連続的に置き換わった経緯を1枚で追える。\n財閥解体への対応で挟まれた井華鉱業期の改称と、金属部門のみを分離独立させる第二会社化が組み合わさったため、住友家の原点事業を継ぐのが住友金属鉱山であることが社名からは見えにくい構造となっている。" } ] }, { "title": "製錬拠点整備と別子閉山へ至る構造転換", "text": "1950年代以降の住友金属鉱山は国内事業の近代化を積極的に推進していく方針を打ち出し、1956年には子会社の日向製錬所を設立してニッケル製錬の生産拠点を整備する動きを加速させた。1965年には中央研究所を正式に設置して技術開発体制を強化し、1967年には青梅工場を新設することによって電子金属事業への本格的な参入を果たす形で事業の幅を広げた。1970年には新居浜ニッケル新工場、1971年には東予製錬所を相次いで新設し、製錬技術の高度化と生産能力の拡大を並行して進める経営戦略が打ち出される局面が展開された。\n\n1973年3月には住友家の原点事業である別子銅山がついに閉山を迎え、元禄期から282年にわたって連続的に続けられてきた別子銅山の長い歴史に正式な区切りがつけられる歴史的な節目を経験した。閉山後の住友金属鉱山は採掘から製錬・加工へと事業の重心を移し、海外からの原料調達と国内製錬所での付加価値創出を主要な柱とする新たな事業構造へと作り替えた。住友家の経営哲学の原点事業の終焉という重い歴史的経験が、以後の海外資源開発と先端材料分野への展開を後押しする内部的な原動力となり、住友金属鉱山の経営文化に刻まれた。", "references": [ { "title": "企業の歴史 : 明治百年（経済春秋社, 1968）", "year": null, "month": null, "date": null, "url": null, "quotes": [] }, { "title": "住友金属鉱山 有価証券報告書 第100期（2025年3月期）【沿革】", "year": null, "month": null, "date": null, "url": null, "quotes": [] } ] } ] } ], "long_term": [ { "year": 1950, "month": 3, "company_name": "別子鉱業", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": null, "sales": null, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": null }, { "year": 1951, "month": 3, "company_name": "別子鉱業", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": null, "sales": null, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": null }, { "year": 1952, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": null, "sales": null, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": null }, { "year": 1953, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 85.87, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 12.9, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1956年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1954, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 121.7, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 16.02, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1956年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1955, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 117.99, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 13.06, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1956年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1956, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 146.35, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 27.52, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1956年版・1959年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1957, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 179.29, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 28.5, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1959年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1958, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 145.86, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 12.55, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1959年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1959, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 138.21, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 10.81, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1961年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1960, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 197.38, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 20.41, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "上場会社総覧（1961年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1961, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 230.83, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1963年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1962, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 242.5, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": null, "net_profit": null, "net_margin": null, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1963年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1963, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 240.4, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": 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null, "net_profit_jp": "当期純利益", "net_profit": 14.06, "net_margin": 2.075, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1971年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1969, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 798.38, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": null, "ordinary_profit": null, "net_profit_jp": "当期純利益", "net_profit": 15.74, "net_margin": 1.971, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1971年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1970, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 1068.29, "operating_profit_jp": "営業利益", "operating_profit": 88.42, "ordinary_profit_jp": "経常利益", "ordinary_profit": 45.09, "net_profit_jp": "当期純利益", "net_profit": 20.45, "net_margin": 1.914, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1971年版）半期合算" }, { "year": 1971, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", 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"operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": "経常利益", "ordinary_profit": 128, "net_profit_jp": "当期純利益", "net_profit": 48, "net_margin": 1.679, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1986年版）" }, { "year": 1982, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 2908, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": "経常利益", "ordinary_profit": 61, "net_profit_jp": "当期純利益", "net_profit": 31, "net_margin": 1.066, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1986年版）" }, { "year": 1983, "month": 3, "company_name": "住友金属鉱山", "consolidation": "単体", "accounting_standard": "JGAAP", "unit": "億円", "sales_jp": "売上高", "sales": 2625, "operating_profit_jp": null, "operating_profit": null, "ordinary_profit_jp": "経常利益", "ordinary_profit": 28, "net_profit_jp": "当期純利益", "net_profit": 27, "net_margin": 1.028, "employees": null, "reference": "会社年鑑（1986年版）" }, { "year": 1984, "month": 3, "company_name": 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