{
  "timeline": [
    {
      "date": "1840/1",
      "category": "会社設立",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 5,
      "event": "鹿島岩吉が江戸で創業",
      "detail": "洋風建築の請負業として独立。諸大名の江戸屋敷を建築",
      "significance": "日本の近代建設業の源流のひとつ。1880年に鉄道専門に転身し「鉄道の鹿島」として成長する起点。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1860/1",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "英一番館（ジャーディン・マセソン商会）を施工",
      "detail": "横浜開港とともに同地に進出し、日本初の洋風建築を施工",
      "significance": "わが国の洋風建築に先鞭をつけた歴史的工事であり、鹿島の技術的存在感を確立した。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1880/3",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "鹿島組を創立し鉄道請負に進出",
      "detail": "2代目鹿島岩蔵が洋風建築の「鹿島方」を解散し、鹿島組を新設。鉄道専門工事業者に転身",
      "significance": "文明開化の象徴である鉄道の専門工事業者への転身により「鉄道の鹿島」として全国展開する基盤を確立。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1930/3",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "株式会社鹿島組を設立",
      "detail": "3代目組長の鹿島精一が資本金300万円で株式会社に改組し初代社長に就任",
      "significance": "個人経営から株式会社への改組により近代的企業体制を確立。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書",
      "amount": "資本金300万円"
    },
    {
      "date": "1934/12",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "丹那トンネルを完成",
      "detail": "1918年着工から16年間を要する難工事の末に完成",
      "significance": "日本の鉄道土木史に残る大工事であり、鹿島の土木技術力を全国に知らしめた。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1938/7",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "鹿島守之助が社長に就任",
      "detail": "建築部門の強化を図り、軍・官の要請に応えて工場建設受注を拡大",
      "significance": "建築部門拡充により「鉄道の鹿島」から総合建設会社への転換を推進した。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1940/2",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "大阪支店開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1941/2",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "札幌支店開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1945/11",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "名古屋支店開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1946/1",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "九州支店開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1947/3",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "仙台支店、広島支店、横浜支店を開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1947/12",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "社名を鹿島建設株式会社に改称",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "戦後復興期の新たな出発を象徴する社名変更。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1948/6",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "四国支店開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1949/4",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "建設業界初の技術研究所を設立",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "業界に先駆けた研究開発体制の構築であり、以後の技術革新の基盤となった。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1949/10",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "建設業法により建設大臣登録を取得",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1950/4",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "大興物産の株式を譲受",
      "detail": "現連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1957/8",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "日本原研第1号原子炉を完成",
      "detail": "東海村の原子力研究所第1号炉。以後原子力発電本館の建設で業界一の実績",
      "significance": "原子力という国家プロジェクトを建設面で担い、先端技術分野での優位性を確立した。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1958/6",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "株式会社鹿島製作所を吸収合併",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1961/10",
      "category": "株式上場",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "東京証券取引所・大阪証券取引所に上場",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "株式公開による資金調達力の強化と社会的信用の向上。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1962/10",
      "category": "株式上場",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "名古屋証券取引所に上場",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1963/1",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 4,
      "event": "年間受注高で世界1位を達成",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "高度経済成長期の新幹線・高速道路等のインフラ投資需要を取り込み、世界最大の建設受注企業となった。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1964/11",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "丸善鋪道（現鹿島道路）の株式を譲受",
      "detail": "連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1968/4",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 5,
      "event": "日本初の超高層ビル・霞が関ビルを完成",
      "detail": "三井不動産の霞が関三井ビル。耐震技術の確立が課題であった超高層建築を実現",
      "significance": "日本初の本格的超高層ビルの完成は都市開発の幕開けを飾る業界史レベルの出来事であり、鹿島の技術的優位を象徴。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1968/7",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "本店所在地を東京都港区元赤坂に変更",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1971/1",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "住宅事業・不動産取引業務を事業目的に追加",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1971/7",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "宅地建物取引業者として免許を取得",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1972/7",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "建設事業の調査・企画立案等を事業目的に追加",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1973/11",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "特定建設業者として許可を取得",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1975/1",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "鹿島守之助会長が逝去",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "創業家3代にわたる経営から非同族経営への転換を促す契機となった。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1977/9",
      "category": "設備投資",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "志木ニュータウン着工",
      "detail": "デベロッパーとして初の本格的な開発事業",
      "significance": "建設業から開発事業への多角化の出発点。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1977/12",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "北陸支店開設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1978/2",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "石川六郎が社長に就任",
      "detail": "女婿の石川六郎がTQCの実施を基本課題とし経営体質改善に取り組む",
      "significance": "低成長期に対応した経営体質改善を推進し、TQC導入による品質管理体制を確立。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1981/1",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "受注高が業界初の1兆円を達成",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "建設業界で初めて受注高1兆円の大台に到達し、業界トップの地位を不動のものとした。",
      "source": "",
      "amount": "受注高1兆円"
    },
    {
      "date": "1982/8",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "デミング賞実施賞を受賞",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "建設業界におけるTQC導入の先駆的成果として高く評価された。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1984/1",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "鹿島昭一が社長に就任",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "建設業冬の時代のなかでの経営を担った。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1984/1",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "鹿島リースを設立",
      "detail": "連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1985/12",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "鹿島建物総合管理を設立",
      "detail": "連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1986/11",
      "category": "",
      "region": "米州",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "カジマUSAを設立",
      "detail": "連結子会社。米国事業の統括拠点",
      "significance": "海外事業の本格展開の起点となった米国現地法人の設立。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1987/9",
      "category": "",
      "region": "欧州",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "カジマヨーロッパBVを設立",
      "detail": "2019年9月清算結了",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1987/12",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "仙台支店を東北支店に改称",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1988/4",
      "category": "",
      "region": "東南アジア",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "カジマオーバーシーズアジアを設立",
      "detail": "現カジマアジアパシフィックホールディングス（連結子会社）",
      "significance": "アジア事業の統括拠点としてシンガポールに設立。海外展開の3極体制を構築。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1989/2",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "創業150周年",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1990/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "宮崎明が社長に就任",
      "detail": "鹿島家以外の出身者として初の社長就任",
      "significance": "創業家から非同族への社長交代は鹿島建設の企業統治における大きな転換点。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1991/2",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "長期経営計画（KE21）を策定",
      "detail": "「快適環境創造企業」を目指し、連邦型経営体制を構築。4つの総事業本部体制へ移行",
      "significance": "総事業本部体制への移行による経営の多角化と分権化を推進。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1991/10",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "通称を「鹿島」に変更",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1993/10",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "茨城県知事贈賄事件で副社長が起訴",
      "detail": "建設省や地方自治体の指名停止を受け、業務刷新委員会を新設して再発防止策に取り組む",
      "significance": "ゼネコン汚職事件として社会的影響が大きく、建設業界全体のコンプライアンス意識を変革する契機となった。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "1995/3",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "大阪支店を関西支店に組織変更",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "1996/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "梅田貞夫が社長に就任",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "ゼネコン汚職後の経営再建と改革を推進。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2005/6",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "東京土木支店、東京建築支店、海外支店を開設",
      "detail": "東京支店を分離",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2005/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中村満義が社長に就任",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "リーマン・ショック前後の厳しい経営環境を乗り切った。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2007/7",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "本店所在地を変更",
      "detail": "東京都港区元赤坂一丁目3番1号",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2008/4",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "札幌・名古屋・広島の各支店を改称",
      "detail": "北海道支店、中部支店、中国支店に改称",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2008/7",
      "category": "",
      "region": "欧州",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "カジマヨーロッパリミテッドを設立",
      "detail": "連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2009/3",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "初の連結純損失を計上",
      "detail": "FY08（2009年3月期）に連結純損失を計上。特別損失の増大が主因",
      "significance": "リーマン・ショックの影響で在外資産の評価損等が膨らみ、初の連結純損失に転落。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書",
      "amount": "純損失▲63億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2010/3",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "鹿島道路を株式交換により完全子会社化",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "グループ内の道路建設事業を統合し、連結経営の強化を図った。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2010/3",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "初の連結営業赤字を計上",
      "detail": "FY09（2010年3月期）。売上高の大幅減少により販管費を吸収できず営業損失に",
      "significance": "建設需要の急減により売上総利益が販管費を下回り、初の営業赤字を記録。",
      "source": "有価証券報告書",
      "amount": "営業赤字▲68億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2011/12",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "海外支店を海外土木支店に改称",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2015/2",
      "category": "",
      "region": "その他",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "カジマオーストラリアを設立",
      "detail": "連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2015/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "押味至一が社長に就任",
      "detail": "現場第一主義を掲げ、土木・建築の現場力強化を推進",
      "significance": "「現場力」をキーワードに施工現場を最重要部署と位置づけた経営方針を展開。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2017/4",
      "category": "組織再編",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "海外土木支店を廃止し本社直轄の海外土木事業部を新設",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2018/6",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "鹿島グループ中期経営計画（2018〜2020）を策定",
      "detail": "開発事業を中心に3年間で5,000億円の投資計画",
      "significance": "開発事業への大規模投資方針を掲げ、建設業から総合開発企業への転換を加速。",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "投資計画5,000億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2021/5",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中期経営計画（2021〜2023）を策定",
      "detail": "2023年度連結当期純利益950億円以上を目標。5つの戦略的投資を掲げる",
      "significance": "技術商品化・スマートシティ等の成長投資を柱とする中長期戦略を明示。",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "目標:連結純利益950億円以上"
    },
    {
      "date": "2021/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "天野裕正が社長に就任",
      "detail": "大型物件だけでなく中小案件にも積極受注の姿勢。DX・自動化施工を推進",
      "significance": "稼ぎ頭の建築部門を率いた実績をもとにDX推進と生産性向上を経営の柱に据えた。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2022/4",
      "category": "株式上場",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "東証プライム市場に移行",
      "detail": "市場第一部からの移行",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2022/8",
      "category": "",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 1,
      "event": "イートンリアルエステートを設立",
      "detail": "連結子会社",
      "significance": "",
      "source": "有価証券報告書"
    },
    {
      "date": "2024/5",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中期経営計画（2024〜2026）を策定",
      "detail": "2026年度当期純利益1,300億円以上を目標。3年間で株主還元2,000億円を計画。政策保有株式500億円の売却方針",
      "significance": "国内建設の収益力向上と海外開発事業の利益拡大を両輪とする成長戦略を提示。",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "目標:純利益1,300億円以上/還元2,000億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2024/7",
      "category": "企業買収",
      "region": "米州",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "米国Rodgers Builders社を買収",
      "detail": "年間売上高約800億円の米国建設会社。KUSA傘下の建設事業会社に追加",
      "significance": "米国建設事業のポートフォリオ拡充により海外建設の収益基盤を強化。",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "売上高約800億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2025/5",
      "category": "経営計画",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "中期経営計画の株主還元を2,300億円に引き上げ",
      "detail": "当初2,000億円の計画から300億円増額。配当性向40%目安",
      "significance": "利益成長に連動した株主還元の拡充方針を明確化。",
      "source": "IR",
      "amount": "還元計画2,300億円"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026/1",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 3,
      "event": "天野裕正社長が急逝、押味至一が社長に再任",
      "detail": "",
      "significance": "現職社長の急逝という異例の事態に対し前任社長を暫定的に再登板させる危機管理対応。",
      "source": ""
    },
    {
      "date": "2026/6",
      "category": "社長交代",
      "region": "",
      "importance": 2,
      "event": "桐生雅文が社長に就任予定",
      "detail": "現場35年のキャリアを持つ建築部門出身。技術伝承を経営の軸に据える",
      "significance": "天野前社長の急逝を受けた新体制で、現場重視の経営路線の継承と発展を担う。",
      "source": ""
    }
  ]
}